1. 獨(dú)立寫作的基本概念

   獨(dú)立寫作是指在考試中，首先會(huì)給出一個(gè)具體的觀點(diǎn)，之后你需要對(duì)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)結(jié)合自己的想法進(jìn)行論述，寫一篇議論文。獨(dú)立寫作的官方字?jǐn)?shù)要求是300 words 以上，寫作時(shí)間是30分鐘。

   就考試內(nèi)容而言，獨(dú)立寫作大家更為熟悉，是大家從初中就開始寫的議論文。但是想要在短時(shí)間內(nèi)用英文對(duì)一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)在有限字?jǐn)?shù)內(nèi)進(jìn)行深入地論述很不容易。但相較于GRE寫作而言，托福獨(dú)立寫作的難度低了不少，不需要邏輯性非常強(qiáng)的論述過程。

   ETS對(duì)托福獨(dú)立寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也有說明，但是依舊處于模棱兩可的狀態(tài)。個(gè)人總結(jié)下來，無外乎包括以下幾個(gè)部分：首先，需要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)目垲}；其次，需要清晰的行文邏輯和文章發(fā)展順序；還有，需要良好的語言表達(dá)能力和豐富的句法多樣性。如果能做到以上幾點(diǎn)，獨(dú)立寫作高分就很容易了。

2. 托福獨(dú)立寫作經(jīng)典開頭模板
3. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)寫法：直接表明立場(chǎng)開門見山

題目：

Businesses are as likely as are governments to establish large bureaucracies, but bureaucracy is far more damaging to a business than it is to a government.

模板：

Contrary to the statement’s premise, my view is that businesses are less likely than government to establish large bureaucracies, because businesses know that they are more vulnerable than government to damage resulting from bureaucratic inefficiencies. My position is well supported by common sense and by observation.

2. 創(chuàng)意寫法：引用諺語名言聯(lián)系現(xiàn)實(shí)

題目：

As technologies and the demand for certain services change, many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker, not to government or to business.

模板：

As a saying goes, “God helps those help themselves”, which is true in most cases. But as far as the large numbers of laid-off workers caused by the technological and market changes are concerned, I believe the government and the business certainly have an unshakable responsibility to take.

3. 穩(wěn)妥寫法：先復(fù)述原題再引出觀點(diǎn)

題目：

"We shape our buildings and afterwards our buildings shape us.”

模板：

I believe this statement should be interpreted broadly—to mean that we are influenced by the exterior shape of buildings, as well as by the arrangement of multiple buildings and by a building’s various architectural and aesthetic elements. While I doubt that buildings determine our character or basic personality traits, I agree that they can greatly influence our attitudes, moods, and even life styles.

4. 設(shè)問寫法：自問自答給出立場(chǎng)態(tài)度

題目：

"As technologies and the demand for certain services change, many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker, not to government or to business.”

模板：

As technology and changing social needs render more and more jobs obsolete, who is responsible for helping displaced workers adjust? While individuals have primary responsibility for learning new skills and finding work, both industry and government have some obligation to provide them the means of doing so.