“短文改錯”題是各類考試中的一個重要題型。盡管該題難度不大，但仍有一些同學(xué)在做此類題目時不得要領(lǐng)，因而得分甚少。下面是小編收集整理的一些高中英語短文改錯答題方法，大家一起來看看吧!

一.動詞形

主要包括兩類錯誤：動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)錯誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯誤。例如：

My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. (is)

Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are)

上述兩例分別屬于時態(tài)錯誤和主、謂不一致錯誤。找出此類錯誤的關(guān)鍵是樹立牢固的時態(tài)概念，注意短文內(nèi)容發(fā)生或存在的時間，保持時間概念的一致性。

1. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon ...

2. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.

3. How about join us? The camp is at the foot of a small hill.

4. I’ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport.

二.名詞數(shù)

指名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式的用法錯誤。常表現(xiàn)為將名詞復(fù)數(shù)寫成單數(shù)。例如：

…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subjects)

1. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.

2. In summer, the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful.

3. ... you’ve been settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local ways of life. 4. ... but she marked strictly on student’s actual performance ...

三.區(qū)分形和副

及區(qū)分形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯的常考點。例如：

I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (wonderful)

Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunately)

需要注意的是，形容詞多用來做定、表、補語等，而副詞只能在句子中作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。第一例中的wonderful作定語修飾time，第二句的Unfortunately作狀語修飾整個句子。

1. They came back lately and had some tea.

2.... you always gave me specially attention ...

3. ... they fly down immediate and catch them without delay.

4. Yes，it is clearly that your life in your country is quite different from ...

5. I know you are particular interested in Human Rights.

6. Last year, my English teacher proved to be the more popular in our school.

四.非謂動詞細辨別

這是考查最多的錯誤形式之一。主要有分詞和動名詞類錯誤，也包括不定式類錯誤。例如：

…in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interested)

Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also … (playing)

My parents love me… and will do all they can ∧ make sure… (to)

上述二、三例分別是動名詞作主語，和不定式作目的狀語。一般的，現(xiàn)在分詞有主動態(tài)和進行時的含義，而過去分詞具有被動態(tài)和完成時的含義，不定式有將來時態(tài)的含義。

五.習(xí)慣用法要記住

主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識。這也是歷年高考的?？键c，其錯誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯誤。例如：

It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and… (of)

We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves. (of)

六.句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類;不同的語景要選擇不同的詞語。這些都有待我們對句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分作細致的分析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e誤。例如：

They ∧eager to know everything about China and… (were)

I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (which)

第一例漏掉了謂語動詞were，這是受寒于習(xí)慣的影響而導(dǎo)致的錯誤;第二例則是詞類與它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副詞，不能作主語。

七.邏輯錯誤須關(guān)注

與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯誤。如稱謂上的張冠李戴，人名、地名、時間、方位等方面的錯誤，常是這類錯誤的考查對象。例如：

The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (their)

First, let me tell you something more about myself. (去掉more)

… no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. (everyone)

上述第一例中的主語是Smiths(史密斯夫婦倆)，因此后面的his不合邏輯。第二例中的more在這兒表“再”的意思，才開始告訴別人，怎么能說“再告訴你一些事”?第三例講的是為了解決看電視時的爭端，“我們”把電視機賣了;晚上沒電視看了，所以與從前一樣，大家又都讀書了，所以該用everyone。

除了上述錯誤類型外，常考的錯誤形式還有：連詞but, and, or和so的用法錯誤(可以歸類為邏輯錯誤)，以及冠詞的用法錯誤等。