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小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法干貨——話題和構(gòu)詞法，北京新東方中小學(xué)輔導(dǎo)中心的小編為大家整理了以下資料，供大家參考閱讀。
話題
1、介紹
My name is Tom.
I’m Gao Shan.
This is David.
The man in a white coat is my father.
2、問(wèn)候、告別
Hello! /Hi!
Good morning! / Good afternoon! /Good evening!
How are you? --- Fine, thank you. / Not bad, thank you. / Not so good.
Nice to meet you. --- Nice to meet you , too.
How do you do?---How do you do?
Goodbye! / Bye! / Bye-Bye!
See you (tomorrow/later).
Good night.
3、談?wù)撊嘶蛭?/strong>
What’s your name? / Your name, please?
Who is he?
What’s this in English?
How old are you?
Where are you from? / Are you from the USA?
What’s your job?
What is she?
4、請(qǐng)求、勸告、建議、征求
May I come in?
Can I have a look?
Yes. / Sure.
Sorry, you can’t.
Don’t forget to close the windows.
We must go home now.
Let’s go to school.
Shall we go now?
Why don’t you buy a new one?
What about a cup of tea?
Would you like a hamburger?
What would you like?
Yes, please. / Yes, I’d like to./ Yes, I’d love to.
No, thanks.
5、道歉、感謝、贊揚(yáng)
Excuse me.
Sorry. / I’m sorry.---That’s OK/all right. / It’s doesn’t matter.
Thanks. / Thank you. / Thank you very much.
Not at all. / You ‘re welcome. / It’s my pleasure.
It’s pretty/ smart/nice.
How nice!
6、詢問(wèn)時(shí)間、星期及日期
What’s the time? / what time is it now?---It’s twelve o’clock. It’s time to have lunch.
What day is it today?---It’s Sunday/Monday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday.
What date is it today? --- It’s the 12th of July.
7、購(gòu)物
Can I help you?/What can I do for you?/What would you like?
---I’d like a/an/some…
Anything else?
What about the red one?
How many kilos? --- Five kilos, please.
How much is it/are they?---It’s /They’re twenty yuan.
Here’s your change.
8、打電話
Hello, may I speak to Nancy?--- This is Nancy speaking.
Is that Tom (speaking)?---Yes, this is Tom speaking.
Who’s that(speaking)?--- It’s Liu Tao here.
Wait for a minutes. / Hold on , please.
Sorry, she isn’t in.
9、問(wèn)路、指路
Excuse me. Where’s the nearest post office？
How can I get to the nearest post office?
Can you show/tell me the way to the nearest post office?
How far is the nearest post office from here?
How many stops are there?
Go along this road and then turn right/left at the third crossing.
The post office is on your right/left.
It’s over there. Near the Bank of China.
You can take bus No.8 and get off at the third stop.
Sorry, I don’t know. You can ask the policeman.
11、談?wù)撆d趣愛(ài)好
Do you have any hobbies?
What’s your hobby?
Do you like swimming?
I (don’t) like swimming.
We have the same hobby.
12、談?wù)撎鞖?/strong>
What’s the weather like today?
How is the weather?
It’s sunny/rainy/cloudy/windy/warm/cool/hot/cold.
Which season do you like best?
13、詢問(wèn)和表達(dá)感覺(jué)
What’s the matter? / What’s wrong with you? / How do you feel now?
I’m tired. / I feel ill. / I’ve got a bad cough.
I’m sorry to here that. / I hope you get better soon.
Take some medicine and have a lot of rest.
Here’s some medicine for you.
I can get some fruit for you
14、談?wù)摴?jié)日
When’s Christmas?---It’s on the 25th of December.
What do people usually do on Christmas day?
What’s your favourite holiday?
構(gòu)詞法
英語(yǔ)中的三種主要構(gòu)詞法：
1、合成法：由兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一個(gè)詞。
如：
basket（籃子） + ball（球）＝ basketball（籃球）
post（郵寄）＋ office（辦公室） ＝ post office（郵局）
pencil（鉛筆）＋ box（盒子）＝ pencil-box（文具盒）
2、派生法：由詞根加前綴或后綴構(gòu)成一個(gè)新詞。
如：
un + usual（尋常） = unusual（不尋常）
usual（尋常） + ly = usually（尋常地）
3、轉(zhuǎn)化法：由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性。
如：
water 水（名詞）―――water 澆水（動(dòng)詞）
light 燈（名詞）―――light 輕的（形容詞）
book 書(shū)（名詞）―――book 預(yù)訂（動(dòng)詞）
hand 手（名詞）―――hand 上交（動(dòng)詞）
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想了解更多小學(xué)、初中、高中的學(xué)習(xí)方法、技巧，或者是中小學(xué)輔導(dǎo)課程等相關(guān)情況，歡迎持續(xù)關(guān)注北京新東方中小學(xué)輔導(dǎo)中心。
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